What is a Catalytic Converter?

A catalytic converter is a device used to reduce harmful emissions from internal combustion engines. Catalytic converters, especially found in automobiles, protect the environment by converting harmful substances found in exhaust gases into less harmful compounds.

The main function of the catalytic converter is to convert carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hydrocarbons (HC) found in exhaust gases into less harmful carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2) and water vapor (H2O). This conversion is achieved thanks to the precious metals (platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc.) contained in the catalytic converter.

The catalytic converter accelerates the chemical reactions of the precious metals in it and cleans the exhaust gases. These reactions occur in two stages: oxidation and reduction. In the oxidation stage, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons react with oxygen and turn into CO2 and H2O. In the reduction stage, nitrogen oxides react with compounds such as methane and hydrogen and turn into nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water.

How do we know if the Catalytic Converter is broken?

Firstly, if your car is experiencing a significant decrease in performance, there is a possibility that the catalytic converter is failing. If you are having difficulty accelerating or your car is losing power despite pressing the gas pedal, there may be a problem with the catalytic converter.
It is also important to pay attention to any unusual noises coming from the vehicle's exhaust. A faulty catalytic converter will usually produce a clicking, crackling or metallic sound from the exhaust system. These noises are usually more noticeable when the vehicle is revved.

Another symptom of a catalytic converter failure can be a foul smell coming from the exhaust. Problems with the catalytic converter can cause unpleasant odors, such as sulfur or sulphurous odors, to come out of the exhaust. This is usually caused by an incorrect fuel mixture or the engine not being able to process harmful gases properly.

You may also notice changes in the fuel efficiency of your vehicle. A faulty catalytic converter can increase your vehicle’s fuel consumption and cause you to get less mileage per mile. This could be a sign that your catalytic converter is not working efficiently.

Finally, if your vehicle's "check engine" or "emissions" light is illuminated on your dashboard, you may be considering a problem with the catalytic converter. In this case, it may be worth using a fault code reader to plug into the vehicle's computer and check for fault codes.

When the catalytic converter is broken, the vehicle’s exhaust emissions can increase and release harmful gases into the environment. Therefore, it is important to make sure that the catalytic converter is working properly. If you notice any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is best to go to a car dealership and have the condition of the catalytic converter checked.

How Long Does a Catalytic Converter Last?

Catalytic converters generally have a lifespan of between 80,000 and 100,000 kilometers. However, this lifespan may vary depending on the make, model and engine type of the vehicle used. In addition, a catalytic converter may last longer in a vehicle that is designed in accordance with regulations and regularly maintained.

One of the factors that affect the life of a catalytic converter is driving conditions. Especially in city driving and short distance travel where there is frequent traffic, the catalytic converter can wear out more quickly. Therefore, it is important for vehicle owners who constantly travel in stop-and-go traffic to check their catalytic converters more frequently and replace them if necessary.

There are a number of things you can do to extend the life of your catalytic converter. Taking steps like regular exhaust system maintenance, using the right fuel, protecting your vehicle from low-quality fuels, and avoiding fast and aggressive driving can help your catalytic converter last longer.